Cables and connectors form the hidden pathways that help computers, servers, and devices talk to each other. You don’t notice them when things work well—but the moment something lags or drops, the cabling gets blamed. The truth is, most network issues can be traced back to poor cable choice or messy installation.
In both home setups and business offices, the wrong cable can limit speed, cause interference, or even create security risks. Picking the right one isn’t just about price—it’s about knowing what kind of data you’re moving, how far it needs to go, and how reliable it has to be. Choosing the right connector is just as important, since a mismatch between cable and port will stop the connection from working at all.
Whether you’re setting up a new network or updating an old one, a little clarity about cable types can save you time and cost. Let’s break it down.
A computer cable links devices to send data, power, or signals. Think of it like a highway that carries traffic—only instead of cars, it’s sending files, images, audio, or control signals. Some cables are built for speed. Others focus on distance. Many do both. They connect PCs to routers, screens to towers, cameras to servers, and drives to laptops.
Each type has its own job. Some are designed for video and audio, like HDMI or DisplayPort. Others carry data, like Ethernet and USB. Some are physical copper lines, while others are Fiber-optic cables that use light. The cable’s material, size, and construction all affect how fast it works and how reliable the connection will be.
HDMI cables are the standard for transmitting high-quality video and audio using a single cable. You’ll find them on everything from laptops and desktop PCs to TVs, monitors, and projectors. HDMI supports both video and multi-channel audio, making it perfect for conference rooms, media setups, and gaming.
The latest HDMI versions support 4K resolution at high frame rates, along with HDR (High Dynamic Range) for improved colour and contrast. They’re a plug-and-play option, meaning no drivers or settings needed. Just connect and go.
USB cables connect almost every type of peripheral to a computer—keyboards, mice, printers, hard drives, smartphones, and more. There are several types: Type-A (classic rectangular), Type-B (used for printers and older devices), and Type-C (smaller, reversible, and more powerful).
Modern USB-C supports fast charging, video output, and high-speed data. Thunderbolt, often using the USB-C port, pushes this even further. USB is the backbone for most accessories, especially portable ones.
DisplayPort cables are used for high-resolution video, especially where multiple monitors are needed. They’re designed for professional setups like video editing, 3D rendering, and gaming. DisplayPort supports up to 8K resolution and high refresh rates.
Unlike HDMI, which is more common in home theatres, DisplayPort targets high-end PC displays. It can also carry USB signals using newer standards, allowing for more flexible setups with fewer cables.
VGA is an older type of video cable that’s still found on some legacy monitors and projectors. It’s analog-only and limited in resolution compared to HDMI or DisplayPort. VGA doesn’t carry sound—just video—and even then, it’s limited to lower resolutions.
It remains useful for older equipment but isn’t ideal for modern systems that need clarity and speed. Many newer computers no longer include VGA ports.
Ethernet cables are the main wires used in wired networks. They’re built with twisted pairs of copper wires, which help reduce interference and keep data steady. Ethernet supports everything from basic home setups to high-end enterprise networks.
The most used types today are Cat.6 and Cat.6A. These cables handle speeds up to 10Gbps, depending on length and shielding. They’re common for routers, switches, servers, and desktop connections. Older buildings might still use Cat.5e, while data centres are starting to move toward Cat.8 for ultra-high speed over short distances.
| Category | Frequency | Max Speed | Max Distance | Notes |
| Cat.3 | 16 MHz | 10 Mbps | 100 m | Outdated, rarely used |
| Cat.4 | 20 MHz | 16 Mbps | 100 m | Obsolete |
| Cat.5 | 100 MHz | 100 Mbps | 100 m | Still found in old systems |
| Cat.5e | 100 MHz | 1 Gbps | 100 m | Enhanced Cat.5 |
| Cat.6 | 250 MHz | 10 Gbps (up to 55 m) | 100 m | Ideal for offices |
| Cat.6A | 500 MHz | 10 Gbps | 100 m | Better shielding |
| Cat.7 | 600 MHz | 10 Gbps | 100 m | Uses GG45 connector |
| Cat.8 | 2000 MHz | 25–40 Gbps | 30 m | Best for data centres |
Coaxial cables are widely used for cable internet, satellite TV, and CCTV systems. They have a solid copper core and thick shielding, which makes them great at blocking interference.
Though not as fast as Ethernet or Fiber, coax remains useful where existing lines are in place. It’s stable and can cover long distances. Many ISPs still deliver internet through coax before handing off to Ethernet inside a building.
Fiber optic cables use strands of glass or plastic to send data as pulses of light. This allows for ultra-fast speeds and very long distances without much signal loss. Fiber is immune to electromagnetic interference and offers top-tier performance.
It’s commonly used in telecom, ISP backbones, and is growing in office settings. While more expensive upfront, it delivers unmatched speed and reliability. Fiber is essential for large-scale networks that move a lot of data quickly.
RJ45 connectors are the standard ends for Ethernet cables. They’re small, rectangular plugs with eight metal contacts. You’ve seen them on the back of routers, modems, and switches. RJ45 is easy to use, easy to crimp, and widely supported.
BNC connectors twist and lock. Used mostly with coaxial cables, they’re found in CCTV, radio systems, and older network types. They provide solid, interference-free connections, especially where signal quality is vital.
These are the main connector types for Fiber optic cables:
USB connectors link peripherals like mice, keyboards, storage, and printers.
USB-C is becoming the go-to for modern devices, offering more functions through a single port.
At Clever Cabling, we help offices and homeowners across the Greater Toronto Area build faster, safer networks. We work as network cabling contractors in the area. From Ethernet and USB to HDMI and Fiber, we install everything with care. We test every link. We label every line. No mess. No mystery.
We don’t just pull wires, we plan, we solve problems and we build systems that grow with your needs. For anyone needing structured systems, we’re the team to call. Since 2020, we’ve helped clients in Richmond Hill, Vaughan, Markham, and across the GTA.
If you’re tired of dropped signals or tangled messes, let us bring clean, reliable cabling to your space.
Computer networks rely on strong, reliable connections. The right cable and connector choice affects speed, quality, and even safety. Don’t treat cabling as an afterthought. Think long-term. Match the cable to the job, and don’t skimp on materials. It pays off in uptime, speed, nd fewer headaches.
What’s the best cable for the internet in homes?
For most homes, Cat.6 offers strong speeds, decent shielding, and is future-proof for gigabit internet. It balances cost and performance well.
Is USB-C better than HDMI for video?
Not always. USB-C can carry video, but HDMI is made for it. Use HDMI for TVs or monitors, USB-C for portable setups.
Do I need Fiber optic for a small office?
If you move large files or need super-fast internet across rooms or floors, Fiber helps. Otherwise, Cat.6A works great.
How long can Ethernet cables run?
Up to 100 metres. After that, the signal strength drops. For longer runs, use repeaters or switch to Fiber.
Can I mix Cat.5e and Cat.6 in the same setup?
Yes, but speed drops to the slowest type. Use Cat.6 or better for best results.